tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-40339282599551375892024-03-13T11:08:52.224-07:00Website essaySocial Issues List Of TopicsOrlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.comBlogger30125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-16285216764664912862020-08-25T06:08:00.001-07:002020-08-25T06:08:07.787-07:00Structures of Subjectivity Explorations in PsychoanalyticQuestion: Examine about the Structures of Subjectivity for Explorations in Psychoanalytic. Answer: Presentation: Sigmund Freud, one of the progenitors of brain science is the originator of therapy. He built up a few speculations (Freud, 2012) that have framed the premise of Psychoanalytic treatment. There is a developing frequency of psychological wellness issues in the current world requiring the execution of psychotherapeutic methodologies as they make profound situated changes in enthusiastic and character advancement (Strupp, 2013). This treatment is the successful decision for patients with explicit passionate concern. In this specific situation; the exposition clarifies the psychoanalytic treatment for Peter, a 40 years of age single male, who is as of now looking for the psychoanalytic advisor to end his battle with relational clashes. The article clarifies the procedure of psychoanalytic treatment with regards to the contextual investigation, the stages and strategies of treatment, and the objectives of treatment. The exposition further presents the evaluate of psychoanalytic treatment. It quickly clarifies the key commitments of the psychoanalytic treatment and its confinements. The paper likewise gives proposals on how psychoanalytic treatment can additionally develop to improve its adequacy in treatment. Ultimately, the paper expounds the utilizations of different models that can defeat the restrictions of psychoanalytic treatment. As indicated by Lionells et al., (2014), there are three phases of psychoanalytic treatment distinguished which are the underlying, center and the late stage. During the underlying stage, the advisor will in general think about the patient and set up a restorative relationship. With regards to Peter, the specialist may will in general know his characterological style, risky circumstance managing his conduct and his cautious maneuvres. The advisor may note customers beginning protection from the procedure and early transferential process for utilizing it in future when the better comprehension of the customers previous existence will reveal insight into the present transferential reactions. During the center stage, the specialist will in general become familiar with the sentiments of the guest for a noteworthy individual in the adolescence. The two fundamental methods utilized at this stage are investigation of transference and examination of obstruction (Stolorow et al., 2014). At th is stage, the protection from the treatment and the transference procedure turns out to be progressively articulated and fundamental piece of treatment. At this stage, the advisor can clarify and relate between the internal oblivious clashes or wants and sickness. Therefore, it will assist Peter with realizing and fathom subsequently permitting him to encounter more extensive decisions throughout everyday life. At this stage, Peter's current dynamic could never again be a cloud by his past bends. It is at this phase of treatment where Peter will be made to work through his contentions. This may have the great impact on the customer. In the late phase of psychoanalytic treatment likewise called as goals stage, there is a combination of new changes in the customer. The specialist comprehends the customers old example with regards to past and old recollections that were quelled. Likewise, at this stage, relational clashes bringing about maladaptive conduct are settled in the helpful ci rcumstance. This stage may incorporate reiteration of transference and henceforth the advisor uncovers a portion of the customers issues and encourages them to confront reality. The treatment is ended when the patient can comprehend the transference autonomously (Peterfreund, 2016). In this paper, we will stress more on the center phase of psychoanalytic treatment and its objectives. A definitive objective of any psychotherapy is the improvement and upgrade in patients physical and psychological wellness to their feeling of prosperity. The point is to assist patients with managing their life all the more viably (Dreher Sandler, 2013). The objective of the psychoanalytic treatment is to break down the parts contributing towards Peters relational clash and the manner in which these segments are affecting his relationship with himself and with others (Hall, 2013). The specialist at that point expects to contemplate the patient by drawing out the trademark through specific absentmindedness. Further, the treatment objective is to concentrate on how Peter is keeping up is relationship with others just as his conduct and propensities (Lionells et al., 2014). In the wake of dissecting these segments the objective of the specialist is to decide the explanation adding to his present conduct and factors making him clutch it (Peterfreund, 2016). The two principle procedures utilized at this stage are Free affiliation, dream investigation, examination of transference and investigation of opposition (Atwood Stolorow, 2014). During free affiliation, Peter will be urged to talk everything that is in his brain. The specialist may begin with an examination, which may remember for profundity questions permitting the customer to think about himself. The advisor will investigate the reactions as examples and find the reason for relational clash by investigating, rethinking and summing up the patients portrayals. The procedure of reflection will permit the specialist to get Peter and adjust his recognition by the procedure called as Reframing Barker, (2013). During dream examination, the specialist researches the quelled sentiments that are communicated in dreams revealing the oblivious material (concealed thought processes and fears). This procedure assists with giving knowledge into a diminishes present working. At this stage, the objective is to change the discernment that is harming to Peter and contributing towards relational clash. The specialist expects to help the customer in sound dynamic. The customer is helped to settle on sound decisions and act in like manner without outside impacts and uneasiness. The significance of beating uneasiness is on the grounds that nervousness and wretchedness are resultant of past associations and are the reason for strife between the cognizant and oblivious (Dreher Sandler, 2013). While breaking down transference, the specialist distinguishes the emotions to be settled. It requires encounter of Peters wishes, blame and resistances and any inconsistencies in customers discussion. At this stage, the treatment objective is to dissect the contentions adding to obstruction. For instance, Clients opposition towards uncovering personal conduct standards, dreams to the advisor and are showed as dropping arrangements or keeping away from thought. Thusly, the o bjective of treatment is to distinguish and dispose of the opposition utilizing countertransference. At this stage, the objective is to recognize the best treatment approach. This is proceeded until a phase is achieved where the customer will have cleansing experience demonstrating he can be restored (Benecke et al., 2016). The psychoanalytic treatment is being used since a century and has produced an incredible collection of examination about its key commitment. Therapy has added to fundamental comprehension of the maladaptive and versatile mental improvement according to Eysenck, (2013). It keeps on contributing towards a comprehension of sorrow and its treatment. According to Strupp, (2013) a significant meta-investigation of analysis shows positive results in 80% of the customers rewarded with psychotherapy. A huge insights is accessible on the advantages of psychotherapy, which shows a dependable impact of psychoanalytic treatment on the customers. The examination discharged by American Psychological Association in the field of emotional wellness has indicated comparative outcomes in 2010 (). With the audit of 16 meta-concentrates on the viability of talk treatment utilized in analysis, it was inferred that 90% of the individuals who experienced therapy have profited and it kept going long after th e end of treatment. These commitments of psychoanalytic treatment are important and show the quality of the treatment. By uprightness of this methodology, a few people with scope of challenges, for example, relational clash, compulsion, tension and discouragement, relationship based issue and shrouded passionate concerns were effectively rewarded with this procedure (Summers, 2013). The method was likewise fruitful when utilized for patients with character issue, learning handicaps, dietary problems, sleep deprivation, and different kinds of fears (Wampold Imel, 2015). Notwithstanding its quality, the psychoanalytic treatment is exposed to a few impediments. The key restriction is the expense and length of treatment (Wright, 2013). This treatment is involved a few meetings and isn't secured by medical coverages. This may confine the openness for those with budgetary troubles. The therapy expends a little while and months relying upon the seriousness of the psychological sicknesses which might be hard for working customers to adhere to the timetable which invalidates the point of the treatment technique utilized. Further, there is an absence of accord of the viability of analysis among the professionals. The Psychiatrists and other emotional well-being experts keep on rehearsing analysis despite the fact that today is less normal than in the years past. This is because of the analysis of both Freud and therapy in outrageous terms. The analysis towards psychoanalytic methodology identifies with the progressions that have occurred in emotional well-be ing care and psychoanalytical conclusion after some time (Schmidt Schimmelmann, 2013). Wright, (2013) Criticized that the psychoanalytical speculations are vigorously founded on the clinical contextual analyses. It is scrutinized that these hypotheses are insufficient for test research and is viewed as pseudoscience. Atwood Stolorow, (2014) Argued that hypothesis of analysis are falsifiable. There is an absence of clinical proof supporting the easygoing cases of analysis as referenced by (Freud, 2012). This establishes the significant restriction of therapy. Different substitute models have been recommended to conquer the constraints of the analysis psychotherapy. As per the paper The Efficacy of Psychodynamic Psychot Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-21059799620369104322020-08-22T03:31:00.001-07:002020-08-22T03:31:38.898-07:0021 Bucket List Items For Graduating College Students21 Bucket List Items For Graduating College Students The possibility of a pail list - alluding to things somebody ought to do before the individual kicks the can - doesnt simply need to apply to more seasoned people. Understudies, as well, can make their own pail rundown to ensure they get in each and every memory and bit of fun before hurling their tops at graduation. Here are a few interesting points adding to yours: 1. Admit a Crushâ Alarming? Sure. In any case, in the event that you think youll lament not telling somebody of note how you feel about them before you both go separate ways subsequent to graduating, its opportunity to put it all on the line. All things considered, regardless of whether it doesnt work out in a good way, you wont need to truly observe them once more, isn't that so? 2. Take Pictures of People Who Have Made a Difference in Your College Lifeâ When do you recollect your years at school, who made a difference most? A specific educator or two? A few companions specifically? Perhaps a coach or overseer? Regardless of whether youre persuaded that youll keep in contact with these people for a considerable length of time, snap a photo at any rate. You can giggle at how youthful everybody looked when youre old and dark and thinking back pretty much all the senseless things you did in school. 3. Express gratitude toward Your Favorite Professor Odds are one educator, specifically, stands apart for the impact the individual in question had on you during your time in school. Disclose to them thanks before you leave. You can express gratitude toward them face to face, compose an email or even leave a little card to say thanks (or possibly a present) for them on graduation day. 4. Attempt Food You Never Did Somewhere on Campus On the off chance that youve never gave a particular sort of food a shot grounds, accumulate your pride and dive in before you graduate. Youll get a decent encounter presenting yourself to something new and - you never know - you could very well wind up preferring it.â 5. Get Yourself a Graduation Giftà From the Bookstore Indeed, your assets are presumably significantly more tightly than ordinary around graduation time. In any case, squeeze your pennies and prize yourself with a blessing, regardless of how little, from the book shop. A straightforward keychain, tag holder, guard sticker, business card holderâ or travel sack will remind you for quite a long time to come around perhaps the best achievement up until this point. 6. Thank the People Who Helped Pay Your Way On the off chance that grants, your folks or potentially others helped pay your way through school, make a point to tell them the amount you value their help. One recommendation: Include an image of you in your top and outfit on graduation day in a straightforward however ardent card to say thanks. 7. Compose Something for the School Paper You might be modest, you may not consider yourself a decent author and you may have never composed for the paper. Be that as it may, youll be graduating soon - which means youve prevailing at school and have significant counsel to impart to your friends. Inquire as to whether you can make an accommodation, and take a couple of hours to assemble something that goes along your intelligence. 8. Snap a Photo of Yourself and Your Room It might appear to be senseless now, however how fun will it be to glance back at what you looked like and what your room/condo looked like five, 10 or quite a while from now? Dont let something that you see each day currently sneak away with time. 9. Go to a Part of Campus Youve Never Been Before Regardless of whether youre at the littlest of schools, head to a side of grounds youve never been. You could very well get another point of view of what things look like and come to welcome a side of your school that feels fresh out of the plastic new similarly as each other piece of it is feeling old. 10. Go to a Sports Event Youve Never Been Toâ Football and ball games might be extremely popular on your grounds, yet take a stab at something new. In the event that its a stunning day, get a few companions and a few tidbits and go watch a softball or Ultimate Frisbee game. Its an incredible method to unwind and get another school memory. 11. Swim in the Campus Pool Numerous understudies overlook theres a grounds pool - or are too hesitant to utilize it. Be that as it may, these pools can be immense, dazzling and a great deal of fun. Snatch your suit, desert your frailties and go have a ton of fun game ofà Marco Poloâ with a few companions. 12. Have Your Favorite/Most Influential Professor Sign a Book They Wrote At the point when you consider which teacher has been the most splendid during your time in school, a couple without a doubt stand apart from the remainder of the group. Have them sign a duplicate of their most recent book before you graduate for an extraordinary token youll esteem for a considerable length of time. 13. Take an interest in a Campus Tradition Being hurled into a wellspring on yourâ birthday? Going on a 12 PM outing with yourâ fellow sorority or club individuals? Try to partake in any event one grounds custom before you graduate for an enduring, crucial memory. 14. Go to an Event on Something You Know Nothing About You attended a university to learn new things, isn't that so? So head on over to an occasion youd normallyâ neverâ consider joining in. You dont need to do something besides tuning in and learn. 15. Treat Yourself to a Nice Meal Off Campus You might be so used to terrible biscuits in the grounds café and similar dishes in the eating lobby that taking off grounds for a pleasant dinner appears to be totally out of the domain of plausibility. Odds are, nonetheless, that you can make an inquiry or two and locate an overly yummy, moderate spot that will give youâ with an incredible mealâ and an extraordinary memory. 16. Vote in Student Government Elections Alright, sure, you may have thought they were exhausting or insignificant previously. In any case, presently that youre graduating, you have an entirely genuine duty to desert a solid inheritance and emotionally supportive network for the classes that will tail you. Respect them by votingâ for understudy leadersâ who you think will keep up the measures different understudies set for you when you originally showed up nearby. 17. Go to a Professional Sports Game Off Campus On the off chance that you live in a major city and have never been to an elite athletics game, this is the ideal opportunity to go! All things considered, how senseless would you feel in the event that you needed to admit, for quite a long time and years after you graduate, that despite the fact that you lived in, state, Boston for a long time, you never observed aà Red Soxâ game? Get a few companions and head out. 18. Go to a Cultural Event around Regardless of whether you live in what you consider to be the littlest of modest communities, theres a culture there that cant be supplanted and that youll most likely miss once youre gone. Go to a verse hammer, a presentation, a district reasonable or whatever else being put on around and retain everything you can before you move some place new. 19. Go to a Museum around No one can really tell what history your school town brings to the table. Challenge yourself to gain proficiency with somewhat more before you graduate by hitting a historical center around. It could be a workmanship gallery, a history exhibition hall, or in any event, something that addresses the one of a kind character of your city. Far and away superior: Use yourâ student discountâ for affirmation. 20.à Volunteer Off Campus Regardless of whether you dont associate with individuals off grounds such a lot, the network that encompasses your school has helped make your experience conceivable. Give back a little by chipping in for a one-day, one-month, one-semester, or one-year pledge to an off-grounds association that underpins your own qualities and needs, as well. 21. Accomplish Something That Scares You In the event that you glance back at your school years and acknowledge you avoided any and all risks, you probably won't push yourselfâ out of your solace zoneâ enough. Take a full breath and challenge yourself to have a go at something new and alarming. Regardless of whether you think twice about it, youll get the hang of something important to you. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-55961054772588012032020-07-30T07:28:00.001-07:002020-07-30T07:28:03.217-07:00SIPASA Elections COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions BlogSIPASA Elections COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The following was contributed by Anesa Diaz-Uda, a second-year MPA student. __________________________ The climatic end of my time as a SIPASA board member came way back on Thursday, November 19th â" Election Day. My last charge on SIPASA was to organize and run this election to determine the incoming SIPASA board. Despite the immense amount of work leading up to Election Day (by myself, the rest of the Board, and all the candidates), Election Day came and went without a hitch. The polls opened at 8am, and closed at 4pm. At 4pm we ceremoniously broke into our ballot box (a duck-taped shut cardboard box), and began counting ballots. Each of the programs electing boards had different color ballots to make counting easier for us. We counted right on the 4th floor (across the way from the Admissions Office), and had our results within a few hours. We coordinated with the Deans, and announced our results at the Deans/ SIPASA monthly Happy Hour at the 6th floor lounge. The lounge was packed with students, faculty and administrators waiting in anticipation for our results â"nerves not as high with all the wine available. 100% of MPA DP students, 59% of MIA students, and 50% of MPA students voted. Clear winners were determined (no run offs were necessary â"thank goodness!), and the drinking/ dancing commenced on the 6th floor with DJ Rob. GLIPA (Gays and Lesbians in International and Public Affairs) continued the festivities with their Thanksgiving Kick-Off Party at Madame X. In all the day and our term ended on a high note. To read more about the election, you can follow this link to one of our school news papers. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-68078055381413614412020-05-22T18:14:00.001-07:002020-05-22T18:14:02.266-07:00Television Has Changed Our Lives - 1592 Words Television has been an everyday experience on most peopleââ¬â¢s lives for the last 80 years. Over these years it has changed the way people see the world and how people got their news. It has changed people socially; it has sparked fads and fashion. With radio people were not worried about their appearances or how the listener saw things. All of the radio listeners had were their imagination, television helped conceive what characters actually looked like on the shows. People, including myself, have their favorite programs and enjoy talking about them with others. Television has changed the way that society views things and it was the precursor to the internet and allowed people to see things from all over the world, every night the nightly news would bring all these things to everyoneââ¬â¢s living rooms. It also effected how Americans became consumers through commercials. It has served as an information resource, an escape, and an educational tool as well, and it is even said to have won an election for JFK. Television is a very powerful part of communications and a very important technology in changing society and history. Before the Kennedy presidency, television was far behind print journalism in terms of sources audiences relied upon for news. But soon, people relied on TV news for the day s headlines as well as information on American troops in Vietnam, particularly the numbers of those killed or wounded. When something major happened on TV, it affected the whole country atShow MoreRelatedHow Has Television Changed Our Lives? 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In the field of media, this has led to the hypothesis that the messagesRead MoreWhat is Mass Media?917 Words à |à 4 Pagesmass media: Television Radio Movies Newspaper Internet Importance of Mass Media in Society Mass media is important in society because it reflects the lives, roles, and interests of the people. The media creates the culture and these messages promote not only products, but moods, attitudes, and a sense of what is and what is not important. People rely on mass media in their everyday lives for personal, business, family, and leisurely use (CliffNotes). Mass media sets a standard for what our society shouldRead MoreMedia Influence Mass Media795 Words à |à 4 PagesMass Media and the Influence on America and Television By. Mozelle Jones HUMANITIES In real life, we are in Mass Media and we did not even know it. Everything from you learning to just leisure involvement. The cultural products that influence mass media and has taking part is Net Flix. It has made an impact on the movie business where television can be used to see movies and mass media. Television still has an impact on cultural meanings. It shows us the news, ads, and movies that change Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-54795335434725030032020-05-10T00:07:00.001-07:002020-05-10T00:07:02.808-07:00The Ultimate New York Bar Exam Essay Topics TrickThe Ultimate New York Bar Exam Essay Topics Trick If you're good at the job, your students will be happy, and you'll be happy. As you pay for homework, we provide those options free of charge. Students lead busy lives and frequently forget about an approaching deadline. As a consequence, such students search for the best essay help to make sure that their project is going to be produced at the maximal level in accord with all academic standards. 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This system sounds really terrific! The iPod rental program is made to help you take the lectures with you, wherever you choose to study. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-80627373874759369832020-05-06T10:29:00.001-07:002020-05-06T10:29:56.317-07:00Poverty as a Challenge Class Ix Ncert Free Essays Poverty As A Challenge | Class IX NCERT (CBSE) Economics (Social Science) Chapter 3, Poverty As A Challenge Class IX, NCERT (CBSE) Economics Textbook Exercise Questions-Answers Q. 1: Describe how the poverty line is estimated in India. Ans: In India poverty line is measured or calculated considering the following factors required for subsistence: 1. We will write a custom essay sample on Poverty as a Challenge Class Ix Ncert or any similar topic only for you Order Now Minimum level of food requirement, 2. Clothing 3. Footwear 4. Fuel and Light 5. Education and 6. Medical requirement etc. These physical quantities are multiplied by their prices. The present formula for food requirement is based on the desired calorie requirement. On the basis of these calculations in 1999 ââ¬â 2000, the poverty line in the rural areas was fixed Rs. 328 per capita per month and in urban areas, it was Rs. 454. People earning more than this amount were considered above the poverty line and earning less than this amount were considered as living below the poverty line. Q. 2: Do you think that present methodology of poverty estimation is appropriate? Ans: The present methodology of poverty estimation does not look appropriate. It only takes one factor in view and that is the economic factor. Moreover it considers about a ââ¬Å"minimumâ⬠subsistence level of living rather than a ââ¬Å"reasonableâ⬠level of living. Poverty has many dimensions. It is no longer confined to economic factors alone. With development, the definitions of what constitutes poverty also changes. Its concept has broadened to human poverty. A few persons may have been able to feed themselves but if they are without education, without shelter, without health-care, without job security, without self-confidence, without social equality, they are considered poor. If poverty is to be removed in real sense and the people are to be brought above the poverty line, not only that we need to increase their income but also, we have to provide the people with education, shelter, health-care, job-security, respect, dignity all. Therefore, the present methodology of poverty estimation needs to be modified and broadened in order to make it an appropriate method. Q. 3: Describe poverty trends in India since 1973. Ans: As per the data given in the book there is a substantial decline in poverty ratio in India from 55 percent in 1973 to 36 percent in 1993. There was further decline from 36 percent in 1993 to 26 percent in 2000. Although the number of poor people remained stable (about 320 million) in the earlier two decades (1973 to 1993), there was significant reduction in the number of the poor to about 260 million till 2000. If the present trend continues, the people below poverty line may come down to less than 20 percent in the next few years. Q. 4: Discuss the major reasons for poverty in India. Ans: There are various reasons for poverty in India which are outlined below ââ¬â (1) Prolonged Colonial Administration The policies of British Colonial government shattered the Indian economy so much that it could not be revived until the 1980s. (2) Unabated Population Growth The failures to promote both the required economic growth and population control have been the main cause of poverty today. (3) Illiteracy Illiteracy is also an important cause of poverty in our country. (4) Disparity in the Ownership of Land-holdings The unequal distribution of land, lack of land resources and failure in the proper implementation of land reform policies have been the major causes of poverty in rural areas. (5) Unemployment Lack of job security and unemployment are other causes. (6) Widening Inequalities of Income This is a feature of high poverty. Money has been concentrating in fewer hands, thus rendering a majority of people poor. (7) Slow Growth of Employment Opportunities Despite the implementation of various employment generating programmes our government has failed to provide the necessary employment opportunities. (8) Socio-cultural Factors In order to fulfill social obligations such as marriage etc. and religious ceremonies people in India including the poor spend a lot of money which makes some people even poorer. Q. 5: Identify the social and economic groups which are most vulnerable to poverty in India. Ans: Social Groups vulnerable to Poverty in India (1) Scheduled Castes households. (2) Scheduled Tribes households. Economic Groups vulnerable to Poverty (1) Rural Agricultural labour households. (2) Urban Casual labour households. Q. 6: Give an account of interstate disparities of poverty in India. Ans: Poverty in India is not the same in every state. The success rate of reducing poverty varies from state to state causing inter-state disparities in poverty level. Orissa, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh are the three poorest states in India with their people living below poverty line being 47, 42 and 37 percent respectively. Jammu and Kashmir, Punjab and Himachal Pradesh are the three better-off states in India as far as the poverty is concerned. Q. 7: Describe global poverty trends. Ans: There have been substantial reduction in global poverty, but there are regional disparities described below ââ¬â (1) Poverty declined in China and South-East Asian countries as a result of rapid economic growth and huge investments in the development of human resources. 2) In Latin America, the ratio of poverty remained almost the same. (3) In sub-Saharan Africa, poverty saw an upward trend rather than a downward trend. It rose from 41% in 1981 to 46% in 2001. (4) Poverty ha surfaced itself in some of the former socialist countries like Russia, where formerly it was non-existent. Q. 8: Describe current government strategy of poverty alleviation. Ans: Removal of poverty has one of the major objectives of Indian developmental strategy. The current government strategy of poverty alleviation is based on two planks: (1) Promotion of Economic Growth 2) Targeted Anti-poverty Programmes Some of the anti-poverty programmes undertaken by government at present are discussed below: Prime Ministerââ¬â¢s Rozgar Yojana (PMRY) Started in 1993, this programme aims to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns. Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana (PMGY) Launched in 2000, this aims to create and improve basic services like primary health, primary education, rural shelter, rural drinking water and rural electrification. National Food for Work programme (NFWP) Launched in 2004 in 150 most backward districts of the country, this programme is open to all rural poor who are in need of wage employment and desired to do manual unskilled work. National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA) This act was passed in September 2005. The act provides 100 days assured employment every year to every rural household in 200 districts. Later, the scheme will be extended to 600 districts and also one third to the proposed jobs would be reserved for women. Q. 9: Answer the following questions briefly ââ¬â (i) What do you understand by human poverty? ii) Who are the poorest of the poor? (iii) What are the main features of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005? Ans: (i) Poverty is multi-dimensional problem. As per the official concept of poverty, a person is considered poor if his or her income falls below a given ââ¬Ëminimum levelââ¬â¢. But human poverty is not confined to economic factors alone. With development, the definitions of what constitutes poverty also changes. The official definition of poverty considers only a ââ¬Ëminimumââ¬â¢ subsistence level of living rather than a ââ¬Ëreasonableââ¬â¢ level of living. Many scholars advocate that the concept of human poverty must be broadened and should be looked through other social indicators like ââ¬â illiteracy level, lack of general resistance due to mal-nutrition, lack of access to resources like health-care, safe drinking water, job opportunities, sanitation, lack of self-confidence without social equality etc. (ii) Women, children (especially the girl child) and elder people in a poor family are regarded as the poorest of the poor because they are systematically denied equal access to resources available to the family. (iii) Refer to the answer of Q. 8 above. How to cite Poverty as a Challenge Class Ix Ncert, Papers Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-45725362870857650672020-04-29T07:50:00.001-07:002020-04-29T07:50:03.725-07:00Medicine and Warden /medical Professionals free essay sample Outcome 1 Be able to identify agreed ways to gain entry and to leave individuals homes 1 Access information about general requirements for entering and leaving individuals homes. With this being aimed at home clients this will include An Appointed time for visit agreed by client. Address of appointment. Time of appointment (always be on time to avoid any distress or concern). A form of identification. 2 identify special requirements and individual preferences for entering and leaving an individualââ¬â¢s home This include key boxes on door ways with code number provided for emergency use . Keys provided to support workers / housing warden /medical professionals but these as key holders should be the only person to use the keys as trusted key holders Outcome 3 is able to take appropriate action when unable to gain entry to an individualââ¬â¢s homes 4 explain why it is important to record and report on difficulties with access This could be because appointment forgot or illness. We will write a custom essay sample on Medicine and Warden /medical Professionals or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page This could also be because of accident /incidents occurring, this makes some clients have door key lockers for appointed people like support workers and wardens. Recording any issues can Show patterns Medicinal this could be when change of medicine or between medical treatment (monthly injections etc) Financial eg when end of pay period awaiting next pay day or possible financial abuse. Environmental weather or even when area busy with people (school holidays or a time of holiday makers visiting in some areas). Outcome 4 is able to deal with emergencies encountered after gaining entry. 1 Describe emergencies that may be encountered when gaining entry to an individualââ¬â¢s homes There can be many emergencies involved including physical, medical, substance abuse or environmental. Environmental ââ¬â this could be gas leak ,carbon monoxide , electrical ,water or fire . These should be dealt with by professions Call 999 and ask for fire +ambulance as any person in building will need medical help . Medical-These could be accidental falls or trips. Natural eg.. Bad back (slipped disc etc) . Or deliberate eg .. overdose . In any of these call 999 ask for ambulance and stay with client to reassure and if require assistance with first aid. Substance abuse ââ¬âThis involves drugs or /and alcohol. In this case these could lead to self-harm or harm to you . Company guidelines say leave but this is a position that should be assessed when in attendance as this could be a duty of care issue and need medical help . This must be recorded and risk assessments updated. Physical-this could be from client, other person in building or the building itself. This could be linked to environments or substance abuse and be an end result. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-74327080899269668392020-03-20T13:21:00.001-07:002020-03-20T13:21:03.129-07:00terminal velocity essaysterminal velocity essays SC1: Investigating Terminal Velocity When an object falls through a fluid it accelerates until it reaches its terminal velocity. At this speed the forces acting on it are balanced. My task is to investigate the factors that affect the terminal velocity of a falling object. Viscosity/density of the fluid Surface area of ball bearing Texture of the balls surface I am going to investigate how mass affects the terminal velocity. I think that as the mass of the ball bearing increases so does the weight of the ball bearing, which requires more friction to balance the ball bearings weight thus making the terminal velocity increase. I think that the mass of a ball bearing is directly proportional to the terminal velocity. This is because if the mass of ball bearing doubles so does the weight of the ball bearing, which requires twice as much friction to balance the ball bearings weight, which then doubles the terminal velocity. The scientific knowledge to prove my prediction is that as the mass of the ball bearing increases the weight of the ball bearing is increased that requires more friction to balance the ball bearings weight which increases the terminal velocity. As the ball bearing accelerates the friction acting against the falling ball bearing increases which in turn balances out the forces applied to the ball bearing which reaches the terminal velocity. The apparatus was set up as shown (in the diagram on the next page) Two elastic bands were placed on the tube 60 cm (600 mm) apart measured to the nearest 0.1 cm. The first band placed low enough so that the terminal velocity of the ball bearing was reached before the ball bearing reached the band and the second band placed far enough apart so that there would have been a smaller percentage of error. The elas ... Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-63499400476625155882020-03-04T05:08:00.001-08:002020-03-04T05:08:02.920-08:00Case Study Outline MethodCase Study Outline Method Case Study Outline Method Writers around the world have extensively used the signpost outline to logically structure their books, especially novels and stories. The signpost outline helps writers treat each scene as a separate entity, which in turn increases their effectiveness in describing and organizing the story besides keeping eye on the big picture. A typical signpost outline used by novelists around the world has the following format: scene number and short description; setting; characters; plot. The good news is that as a student, you can adapt and use the signpost outline to turn your case study into a great paper. How? Well, signposting actually divides a case study into logical and easily manageable sections with separate headings and subheadings. Moreover, it calls for the placement of relevant phrases and words throughout the write-up, so the reader can easily read and understand the content and context of your case study. The signpost outline for a case study starts with an introduction, which is then followed by the main arguments highlighted by paragraphs, headings and subheadings. At the end of the case study comes the conclusion, but the arguments between the introduction and conclusion have to be reader friendly and engaging enough to rationally guide the reader throughout the study. To achieve this, you need to use connecting words and phrases to create linkage between the viewpoints, sentences and sections of your case study. One of the advantages of using this outline is that it will give you enough room to see the big picture and evaluate your ideas for their richness, convincing power and sustainability. It is important for the signpost outline, however, that you prepare the ground for the fundamentals ahead of time. Do not go into the specifics at this point, but simply see where you want to take the study, what you want to achieve with it and how you will organize it. Details will be added during the drafting phase. Introduction Introduce the case study by throwing light on what the study is about. Make sure to open it with an interesting perspective. If there are a range of problems youââ¬â¢d like to address, use words like firstly, secondly etc. to divide the problems into logical parts and tell the reader what you are going to address in the paragraphs to follow. Case Study Body: Paragraphs and Sections Make sure that the paragraphs and sections are logical extensions of what you said in the introduction. You can divide each problem/major topic into dedicated sections with separate headings, or you can make separate, dedicated paragraphs. Some of the words you can use to create linkages between sentence, paragraphs, and sections, include the following: if you want to add extra ideas, use words like furthermore, additionally, moreover etc.; if you want to make comparisons, use words like comparatively, relatively, otherwise etc.; if you want to make something evident, use words like obviously, because and certainly etc.; if you want to emphasize something, use words like absolutely, apparently, unavoidably, irrefutably. While summing up the sections and paragraphs, make sure to highlight the evidences. For example, you can use sentences like: it is proved that; hence it is clear that; what makes this approach effective is the fact that. Conclusion The conclusion of your case study will summarize all the important point of the study. To make the conclusion even more compelling, make sure to include your recommended solutions for the problems. For example you can say things like: as it is evident from the study that; this study makes it clear that the most important factors are; in order to resolve problem A, it is recommended that; this study concludes that; on the basis of the evidences narrated in this study, it is suggested that; it has been established that. The signpost outline has the potential to make your case study shine and turn it into an A grade paper. The outline is flexible, meaning that you can adapt it according to your specific requirements and situation. Good luck with it! Also, you can enjoy professionalism of our custom case study writing service. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-10382081398612662632020-02-16T20:32:00.001-08:002020-02-16T20:32:03.050-08:00Article Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 8Article Critique - Essay Example The difference can show as if they belong to different individuals (Bergner, 2009). Sexual response occurs mainly to the sexual organs that are the genitals (clitoris in females and penis in males) which are engorged with blood because of stimulation. The vagina becomes lubricated making it easy for penetration reducing the possibility of getting hurt during copulation. On the other hand, the penis of the male swells as it is stimulated and hardens enabling it to penetrate the vagina. Males are mostly stimulated while watching heterosexual movies and lesbian (Bergner, 2009). Both males and females are mostly sexually aroused while watching movies from an opposite gender as compared to those of the same gender. Sigmuid Freud states that a persons underlying sexual problems, for example, sexual assault contributes a great deal, on how women respond sexually (Bergner, 2009). Heiman (1990) suggests that women are turned on physiologically by so many stimuli as compared to men who bring the question whether men are inhibited or are bound by their own culture (Bergner, 2009). Females mind and genitals arousal according to Chivers shows discordant in that they are not directly related. This is also shown during rape where during the assault the genitals get aroused which can lead to orgasm irrespective of the individuals willingness. They lubricate to reduce discomfort and injuries that might occur during penetration that can lead to illnesses, death or even loss of fer tility, which can be transmitted, from one generation to the other. The article mostly assumes that the individual reviewed are sexually active. This is vivid in the tone in which the article is written because the author assumes that the reader understand what sexuality is and the processes involved both in theory and out of experience. Another assumption is Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-57810757733702034552020-02-03T00:38:00.001-08:002020-02-03T00:38:02.773-08:00Light jet plane Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 wordsLight jet plane - Research Paper Example The most primitive needs should be satisfied completely first and then gradually other needs should be fulfilled but then again sometimes the most primitive needs only prove to be a hurdle in the overall growth and routine task execution. The higher importance tasks can only be efficiently performed if the lower basic necessities are met. (Rakowski, 2008) The light jet plane is basically a corporate jet with only one operational pilot seat and capable of accommodating around five people. Some of the have a proper lavatory system while some do not; however, it is very comfortable and highly in demand for many companies. Businessmen and VIP personnel can easily cover their required distances with all the space at their disposal and without having to bear the discomfort of public air transport planes. As the name signifies these planes are small, less heavy and fly at slow speeds but comfortably. (Pike, 2009) The major factor utilizing probably the majority of the organizationââ¬â¢s concerns is the fiscal policies. External crisis such as inflation, stock market ups and downs etcetera have huge bearings on the overall economic infrastructure. The economic conditions of the population is checked and double checked before pricing goods or investing in the manufacture process. Moreover the financial condition of a particular locality plays a driving role admits (Kreitner, 2007). Not every geographical demarcation is well suited for buying expensive luxuries. So the company should chalk out its fiscal policies considering the minutest details regarding the ongoing currency value, stockââ¬â¢s market and the economic solidarity of the country. In order to avoid any major setbacks to the organizationââ¬â¢s revenue generation or the entire outlet flop. In the modern era of technology it is extremely important for every company in the endeavor to Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-68374864137624628362020-01-25T21:00:00.001-08:002020-01-25T21:00:05.638-08:00Is Psychology Reductionist and Is This a Bad Thing?Is Psychology Reductionist and Is This a Bad Thing? Reductionism can be defined as a theory that reduces every complicated phenomena into a number of simple psychological components or principles and then identifies or explains these phenomena merely in terms of those fundamental parts (Sloane, 1945; Peele, 1981; Ausubel, 1982; Barendregt Rappard, 2004; Vul, 2011). For instance, in psychological studies reductionism tend to oversimplify all cognitive processes, human behaviour or social activity into more basic component, and so disregard the complexities of human mind. The reductionist approach has led to several vital discoveries in scientific studies as they compromise simpler explanation for a complicated phenomenon and, the effects of one variable can be solely isolated and tested, in order to discover causal relationships. For example, in order to develop an understanding of stress the nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system needs to be studied (Minton, 1994). Rose (1997, as cited in Nagel, 1998) introduced few types of reductionism; philosophical reductionism, which implies that if all science is unitary psychology should easily merge into other sciences, thencomplex psychological behaviour needs to be broken down to physical laws (Jessor, 1958). Methodological reductionism; for instance, in order to find out about the nature of memory and specifically deduce something related to the structure of long-term memory, (Hulme, Maughan Brown, 1991) conducted a study based in a laboratory, giving participants a list of familiar and unfamiliar words to remember.Based on the findings a generalisation of how human long-term memory functions may be made. However, these kinds of researches in psychology are at the reductionist level. Currently the type of reductionism that is of most interest in psychology claims that all behaviours should be reducible to biology (Oppenheim Putnam, 1958; Peele, 1981), meaning that most mental phenomena (consciousness) are equated with biological phenomena. In this essay the idea of reductionism will be analysed through psychological research and a conclusion can then be made based upon evidence to decide whether psychology is a reductionist or not. Reductionism tends to be applicable when explaining behaviour in basic terms, with the more focused sciences at the top and general sciences at the bottom. Behaviours can be explained at different levels, ranging from molecular (physics), followed by the intracellular (biochemistry) then parts of individualââ¬â¢s (physiology), peopleââ¬â¢s behaviour (psychology) and finally the behaviour of groups (sociology).For instance, mental disorders may be explained by neurotransmitters (physiology) or in terms of the mind (unconsciousness) and in terms of social systems (dysfunctional family). However, when explaining behaviour all level of explanations needs to be taken into account. For example, by taking physiological explanation into account schizophrenia is caused by excess levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine located in the brain (Howes Kapur, 2009; Jentsch, Robert Roth, 1991). The evidence for the involvement of dopamine comes from drugs, such as amphetamines (when taken by people without psychiatric disorder) cause behaviour that resembles the positive symptoms of schizophrenia (Angrist, Rotrosen Gershon, 1980). The drug has the effect of increasing dopamine levels in the brain. However, one problem with this dopamine hypothesis is that not every patient with schizophrenia who takes drugs to reduce dopamine levels has their symptoms reduced, and also everyone who takes drugs that increases levels of dopamine may not show the symptoms. This clearly shows that individual differences are difficult to explain by reductionists, mainly because despite being in its smallest constituent, behaviour is oversimplified. This suggests that dopamine cannot be the only explanation, as every human being is uniqueand therefore all respond differently. So, reductionist explanation is limiting, because the same symptoms or behaviour in two persons may be caused by different factors, such as environmental or biological factors (Walker Diforio, 1997). However, The best solution is probably the diathesis stress model, which combines all approaches together. The diathesis-stress model indicates that physiological explanations tend to offer a predisposition to mental illnesses. Also, an alternative explanation is that a stressful life event causes the onset of mental disorders (Walker Diforio, 1997; Eberhart, Auerbach, Bigda-Peyton Abela, 2011). The individual may have a predisposition to the disorder but only people who experience stressors will develop the disorder. The diathesis stress model can be applied to the cognitive and biological explanation, suggesting that people may have vulnerability for mental illness but the disorder only manifests itself when triggered by life events or when a person misinterprets other peopleââ¬â¢s behaviour. Although physiological explanation can be seen as reductionist and simplistic, they do offer explanations of mental disorders behaviour. Understanding what is going on in abnormal behaviour by relating it to healthy behavioural processes is undeniably reductionist, but sometimes reductionism helps psychology to devise treatment strategies for mental illnesses. They are not intended to provide exhaustive explanations for why these symptoms exist. They do however; offer some kind of insight into what it might feel like to experience such disorders. For instance, offering anti-depressants to treat patients suffering from depression may seem like an optimum solution but the underlying cause may be disregarded, such as unconscious mental process or personal experience. However, physiological reductionism attempts to consider a more humane tactic to treat certain mental illness, as the individual with mental illness are not to be blamed and the patients have essentially no control or choic e in the matter. Nevertheless, most of these theories are merely reductionist-oriented explanation. In addition, there is some evidence proposing that mental disorders are inherited or at least there is a significant genetic component (Petronis, 2004). Family, twin and adaption studies have been used to investigate this genetic explanation. If the cause of mental disorders were entirely genetic, then the concordance rate between MZ twins would be 100% (Evans Martin, 2008). However, Evans Martin (2008) research have notfound100% concordance so it clearly shows that other factors must be involved in the onset of certain disorders. It is impossible to isolate the effects of genes (nature) from nurture (shared environment) when studying behaviour. Therefore, studies that indicate the concordance rates for disorders must be treated with caution, to avoid impractical cause and effect links. Furthermore, Bandura (1965) claimed that social learning has an influential role on childrenââ¬â¢s aggressive behaviour. However, biological explanations of aggression have stressed factors that have nothing to do with social learning butmore to do with biological influences, such as the role of hormonal mechanisms. For example, high levels of testosterone have shown to be associatedwith aggressive behaviour (Archer, 1991). These findings emphasise that aggressive behaviour cannot be purely base on a learned behaviour. Also, this explanation neglects to take into account various approaches to explain certain behaviour and therefore being a reductionist.Additionally, there are significant methodological problems in these experimental researches, as research usually does not equate to real world, which could then lead to falsification of the findings. Also, using the social learning theory (Bandura, 1965) to isolatecertain behaviour into various chunks may not provide a full underst anding of how behaviour functions as a whole. This suggests that reductionism may be appropriate for simpler systems rather than a complex human behaviour. However, Morley and Hall (2003) argue that genetic vulnerability associated with anti-social behaviour only inadequately predict an increased risk of aggressive behaviour in an individual than the general population.Other factors (such as environmental influences) determine whether aggressive behaviour is displayed in a particular situation. Similarly, (Hines and Malley-Morrison, 2005)claim that some people are more likely to commit anti-social behaviour as a result of their genotype. Alternatively, suggesting that genetic influences are probabilistic rather than reductionist. Twin researchers also assume that MZ and DZ twins raised in the same environment experience the same experience with their co-twin, therefore any greater similarity between MZ twins must be due to the greater genetic similarity. However, Evans and Martin (2003) suggest that parents, teachers and peers treat MZ twins more similarity than DZ twins; therefore greater similarity in terms of aggressive behaviour may also be due to the greater similarity of their experiences. In this respect, various approaches needs to be considered to explain behaviour, as using simple explanations may be inappropriate. Having said that reductionism can be appropriate for some levels of explanation, it makes more sense to use cellular biology to explain living cells, rather than psychology.But if all animals and humans are made of atoms, then their behaviours can be reduced to a physical level. Researches believe that the two types of units including the physical brain and physical mind interact with each other (Pandya, 2011). Also suggesting that the mind can have an influence on physiology. For example, Martin, Martin, Rai, Richardson and Royall (2001) found that same level of serotonin was altered in the brain of depressed patients who received psychotherapy and those who received drug as a treatment. On the other hand the multi-store model (MSM), which was proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968) uses mechanistic, computer analogies to explain cognitive processes such as attention, memory and problem solving. This model is using reductionism to explain how memory functions, as the brain is equated with acomputer system. This model plays a restricted role in understanding evolution or memory, as it describes memory at a reductionist-level. Also, research associated with memory often involves memorising a list of nonsense words to measure the capacity or the duration of long-term and short-term memory, and the findings often offer an erroneous explanation of memory in general (Hulme Maughan Brown, 1991).Researches have found limited evidence for long-term memory. The finding to such studies should not be generalised, as the key variable is oversimplified.However, some research have found evidence for long-term memory, Bahrick, Bahrick and Wittlinger (1975) investigated recall of high school yearbooks photos to find out the duration of long term memory, they found 90% accuracy of long term memory, mainly because the information was meaningful to the participants. In addition, reductionism overlooked the notion of emotion, mostly because it is difficult to determinehow someone is feelingbylooking at neurotransmitters located in the brain. Nevertheless, studies have found that certain hormones such as noradrenalineleads to better memory performance in an individual (Stegeren, 2008). This yield to the conclusion that perhaps there may be an association between biology and behaviour (emotion). However, while it is possibleto observe how human brain responds to certain sounds by looking into a scanner, the scanner cannot reveal how the person feels when they hear a particular sound. For instance, (Schmidt and Trainor, 2001) found that certain section of the brain associated with happiness is stimulated while listening to a particular sound, however this does not mean that the person is happy. In this respect, using reductionism may not be an unacceptable way of assessing feelings. There are many arguments against the idea of reductionism in psychological studies. A prime example of these disagreements involves the discussions of nature versus nurture that whether environmental factors have any involvement in shaping behaviour. Ecological influences can shape behaviour throughout the lifespan even if that person was born with certain genes associated with mental disorders; environmental factors such as family and society play a major role in shaping any further behaviour. The diathesis stress models places an importance on the interaction between the person and their environment, suggesting the biological predisposition to any mental disorders is dormant until stress in the environment makes it active. The diathesis stress model brings together unrelated causal factors into a unified model. The flexibility of the model is that individual differences can account for various contributing factors of mental illnesses (Patten, 2013; Sloane, 1945). This means that the model can explain most instances of mental disorders. The source of stress could be genetic, or perhaps disrupted and inconsistent parenting and communication within family. All the factors above have been suggested as having a causal role in the development of mental disorders, although none of them alone is sufficient to cause the disorder. For example, it seems as though schizophrenia is a complex disorder reflecting problems with genetics and birth, as well as with more general problems living in a busy society. However, such factors do feed into the diathesis stress model described. Alongside with the biological explanation schizophrenia should also be treated at the level of experience. However, further research is sorely needed in the area of reductionism in psychology, as most of these explanations are inconsistentbecause in psychology human behaviour cannot be explained entirely in terms of one single factor, such as physiology, genetic, culture, ethnicity or cultural factors. Therefore, the all these factors should not be disregarded as most people suffering from mental illness may have distinct personality traits, specific genotype or abnormal brain structure, which makes them more vulnerable to develop certain type of mental disorder.Furthermore, reductionist theory fails to explain realism in psychology, as it only view a series of components rather than the whole, which can lead to inadequate explanations of the reality. Perhaps acknowledging all phases of explanations such as physiological, ecological or emotional could lead to a better understanding of the reality.Finally, the reductionist approach has been criticised by many, nonetheless the fact that stu dying the brain allows a deeper understanding to the cause of most behaviour cannot be ignored. Word count: 2200 Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-88648565060190773352020-01-17T17:24:00.001-08:002020-01-17T17:24:04.687-08:00Cheating and Video Game PlayerCheating is an act of lying, deception, fraud, trickery, imposture, or imposition. Cheating characteristically is employed to create an unfair advantage, usually in one's own interest, and often at the expense of others. Cheating implies the breaking of rules. There are plenty ways to cheat, you can cheat in a relationship, academically, and in games. Cheating is when a person misleads, deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose. For kids, cheating may happen at school, at home, or while playing a sport. Some kids cheat because they're busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can't pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a ââ¬Å"good reasonâ⬠for cheating, cheating isn't a good idea. At school, in addition to cheating on a test, a kid might cheat by stealing someone else's idea for a science project or by copying a book report off the Internet and turning it in as if it's his or her original work. Copying someone else's words or work and saying they're yours is a type of cheating called plagiarizing. Cheating in video games involves a video game player using non-standard methods for creating an advantage beyond normal gameplay, usually to make the game easier, or may also create unusual effects which do not necessarily make the game easier to play, such as giving characters different appearances, such as large heads. Cheats sometimes may take the form of ââ¬Å"secretsâ⬠placed by game developers themselves. Cheats may be activated from within the game itself (a cheat code implemented by the original game developers); or created by third-party software (a game trainer) or hardware. Cheating in a relationship is usually a symptom of an unhealthy relationship. It destroys friendships, breaks trust, and causes guilt, anger, hurt and many other negative emotions. Cheating in relationships is not going to last. There are several reasons why cheating, adultery, infidelity and extra marital affairs often occur in many relationships. People are complicated and appearances can be deceptive. Cheating in relationships depends upon several factors. One important factor is the choice of a partner or spouse. If the choice is not in line with what they require or wish, or with what their partner can give them, there is a chance of cheating. Cheating also occurs when people fail to give their relationships priority by putting time and energy into them. Another major reason is the failure to understand the issues that led to infidelity in the first place. Many people do not want to analyze the role they played in the failure of a relationship. In most cases, they blame others for things that went wrong rather than look inward for complete understanding. Cheating often occurs in many marital relationships. Communication is here the most problematic issue. For a myriad of reasons, partners get little time to talk about feelings with each other, particularly negative feelings. In some relationships, partners are not allowed to share unhappiness. Misunderstandings also make people feel that their spouse does not want to hear their problems. So they do not talk about difficulties. The lack of a sense of empowerment, issues of self esteem and unequal partnership are also significant problems in any relationship. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-4896186881258192572020-01-09T13:47:00.001-08:002020-01-09T13:47:03.073-08:00Anorexia Nervosa And Its Causes - 1418 Words Running Head: Eating Disorder Bulimia Nervosa and Its Causes Glemerlin Garcia Mercy College Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder characterized by weight loss behaviors driven by self-evaluations that are dependent on body weight and shape concerns (Dryer, Tyson, Kiernan, 2013). There is a false myth that this disorder is a life choice but it is a serious illness that could cause damage to a personââ¬â¢s eating habits. This disorder became noticeable a few years ago with all the new technologies but it was always around. Back in time many people died from this and they didnââ¬â¢t have enough resources to really know what it was and what was causing it. According to the DSM-5, Bulimia Nervosa is recurrent episodes ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Also to have a better understanding on what really Is bulimia nervosa and how can it be prevented. Meaning that knowing could give an advantage, allowing us to notice if something is wrong. For the sake of research empirical studies were review as well as journal articles for this specific topic. In a research article by (Mond et al., 2004) the study was based on womenââ¬â¢s belief concerning causes and risk factors of bulimia. The researches conducted a two-phase epidemiological (medicine that deals with health problems) survey. For the first phase they used a sample of 802 women aged 18-45, with a questionnaire that included screening for eating disorders as well as general psychological distress, impairment, weight and height. In the second phase they were read a serious of problems related to disorder eating, where only 308 women participated. The first question was to indicate whether a series of possible causes was ââ¬Ëvery likelyââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëlikelyââ¬â¢, or ââ¬Ënot likelyââ¬â¢ to be a factor(cause) developing in anybody. The option included childhood problems, nervous disposition, etc. Also they were asked to pick that one they believed to be the most likely to be a cause of a problem developing in anyone. The next question was to indicate if a serie s of risk factors was ââ¬Ëmore likelyââ¬â¢, ââ¬Ëequally likelyââ¬â¢, and ââ¬Ëless likelyââ¬â¢. As a result, to these questions, having low self-esteem came out to be very likely a Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-14913550264166024122020-01-01T10:13:00.001-08:002020-01-01T10:13:02.389-08:00Irony in A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingways Free Essay Example, 2000 words At the story s beginning, Henry is portrayed as a young man who loves fun stuff and girls. For one thing, Henry s decision to join the war is mainly motivated by the sheer fun it will bring to him, at least in his mind. A sense of patriotism, or love of one s country, is never apparent in his character or virtue. What Henry constantly does in the field is drink alcohol and performs other activities (e. , seducing girls), which are not related to war. Barkley, however, is depicted in the novel as a young woman who is, in the genuine sense, passionate too and about love; this is quite prominent in her role as a nurse during the time of war. Barkley nurses those who are wounded, strangers they may appear to her. The paradox here is the love that grows between two different, if not opposing, people. In addition, the priest s character appears to be paradoxical or contradictory to the character of Count Greffi. Evidently, both men are close to the heart of Henry. The priest and the Count are, in essence, advisers or mentors of Frederic Henry -- the former, of spiritual growth, and the latter, of worldly wisdom. We will write a custom essay sample on Irony in A Farewell to Arms by Ernest Hemingway's or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/page On the other hand, Count Greffi reveals to Henry his disturbing faith by saying that once he wanted to be a devout [Christian] as I grow older. But as time passes-by, the spirituality of Count Greffi becomes weaker and weaker (Hemingway 236). Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-58233826919551031802019-12-24T05:59:00.001-08:002019-12-24T05:59:02.342-08:00Charlie Brown Observation - 780 Words It is with great hesitation that this paper was constructed; the observations within should perhaps never be brought to light. It is in the following paragraphs that you will learn of a troubling young man that exhibits exceedingly peculiar behavior. It is in the interest of many, myself included, that we use a pseudo name for this particular subject, letââ¬â¢s call him, Charlie Brown. The curios mind of Charlie prompts him to exhibit a distinctive and bizarre array of observable behavior that often result in disturbing conclusions, some that may not be easy to hear. Within my short time of getting to know Charlie and having shared a seat near him, a great deal has been learned. Charlie is remarkable at observing the physical appearance ofâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Once Ms. Marshall noted that Heroin use negatively affected grades, it is then that Charlie immediately confronted the teacher and threatened Heroin addiction in order to prove his point that she was wrong; he used the term ââ¬Å"betâ⬠to seal the challenge. The mind of Charlie Brown is one of great mystery and I believe only time will reveal itââ¬â¢s intricacies. He has been observed evolving his theories based off his own observations about the world around him, to such an extent that some are even self-contradicting. Charlie has observed me and called me the dumbest smart person he knew although he quickly revised this statement and his new theory was that I had an IQ the length of a phone number or simply ââ¬Å" a telephone IQâ⬠for short. Itââ¬â¢s awfully strange that Charlie deviated from his initial findings. It is at this very point that the most worrisome of observations appeared. The puzzling mind of Charlie brown displays odd biases the likes of which the world has never seen. He holds the strong belief that left handed people are sub human; that they are less than their right handed counterpart. Furthermore he holds a passionate hatred towards old people, as proof, he stated that they couldnââ¬â¢t drive properly and that they smelled. We can assume that Charlie has held interactions with both the old and left handed and it is thought that they must have left a negative impression prompting him to make an unjustified generalization. Charlie has also developed aShow MoreRelatedThermoregulation Mechanism in the Human Body1270 Words à |à 5 Page sto baseline soon for the rest of heating period. This suggests that the human body tends to retain its core temperature at a constant level (Lv Liu, 2007; Huizenga, Charlie, et al., 2004). Marino and Booth (1998) believe that the rise in body temperature is in proportion to metabolic rate. Our results support the findings of Brown and Brengelmann (1970) that skin temperature changes have a direct effect on metabolic rate. 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When Bert was trying to drag Mavis aside he cuts his hand on some of the glass on the floor. Johne saw the incident and tried to stop them and Ali hit John on the head with theRead MoreA Report On The Staccato Virus1873 Words à |à 8 Pagespenetrating what would be an otherwise silent environment as I made my way to the back left corner of the store. As I arrived at the counter, not having to wait due to a distinct lack of customers at the small box in the back of the store, I made the observation that only one woman appeared to be working in the small cubicle like space, but she seemed occupied with something on her personal phone. I decided to make myself clear that I was present through means of a bell stationed in the middle of the countertopRead MoreEssay about A Short History Of The Blues 2242 Words à |à 9 Pagespioneers of blues music. But not only is Handy amazed with the triumphant sound of the guitar, he is also mesmerized by the heart pounding words and eerie sound of the vocals coming from this dreadful looking specimen. This is the earliest known observation of the blues in the history of the world but not quite the birth of it. Santelli clarifies, ââ¬Å"What Handy did on that railroad platform in Mississippi a century ago was witness the blues, not give birth to itâ⬠(13). Sadly enough, the birthplace ofRead MoreAnalysis Of Sonny s Blues By John M. Lee2198 Words à |à 9 Pagesin deep knowledge on human motives. The intention of the narrator, and even for James Baldwin himself, is to paint a picture of the hardships being experience by the black young men living in the ghetto. Using the students as the sample for his observation, the narrator seems to be explaining the pain of institutional racism, and how it limits the opportunities available for people finding themselves in this predicament. Reilly explores the subjects of the narrator; the students (Reilly, 56). TheRead More History of the Apollo Program Essay5290 Words à |à 22 Pagescrew prepared to return home. The Apollo IX mission was a success it tested the Lunar Module and gathered valuable maneuvering data that was needed for the future of the Apollo program. Apollo X with its Command/Service Module (CSM) named Charlie Brown and its Lunar Module (LM) named Snoopy was the second mission to the moon. Apollo X was basically a full test for the future lunar landing. Apollo X was the first complete(CSM and LM) Apollo spacecraft to go to the moon. It was in the unique Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-12168891921660849272019-12-16T02:28:00.001-08:002019-12-16T02:28:05.255-08:00Difference and Similarity in Culture Free Essays Do you like your own culture? People often say ââ¬Å"culture is a symbol of our country. â⬠I agree with this opinion, for I think culture helps the people learning about foreign country to understand what the country is. Then, how has our own culture been formed? Needless to say, culture has the long-term history, which gives the office to us to understand how it was formed. We will write a custom essay sample on Difference and Similarity in Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now Today, I plan to talk about Japanese ancient culture by verifying the cultural difference and similarity between Edo and Meiji era. Edo era, the longest period in Japanese history, was said to be a turbulent period. However, people in the old days lived strongly and formed their original culture. One of them is clothes. Please look at figure 1. This is a picture of a person living in Edo era. We usually call the people like him samurai. They always wore kimonos, the Japanese traditional clothes, with wearing two swords. It is called ââ¬Å"Taitouâ⬠. Edo was also a hellishly dangerous period, so samurai had to carry swords for self-defense, whenever they went out. Samuraiââ¬â¢s hairstyle is also so unique. The person in figure 1 ties his hair in a topknot. In Japan, samurai sometimes cut the topknot of the opposite commanding general instead of taking his head, when they win the war. Please look at figure 2. This is a Japanese traditional transportation, and we call it ââ¬Å"Kagoâ⬠. When lords go out, they use ââ¬Å"Kagoâ⬠by making two people shoulder it. It was said to be so useful that many people were willing to use it. However, it was also said to take a long time to arrive at their destinations. Figure3| Figure4| Meiji era, the most progressive period in Japanese history, was said to be the best period, in terms of culture. Those days, the Edo shogunate was perished, and the new government decided to take in Western cultures as a part of modernization policy. I will introduce some of them. First, look at figure 3, please. His clothes were different from what people in Edo era wore. They were called ââ¬Å"Western clothesâ⬠. In seeing this style in downtown, people often said ââ¬Å"He is Haikaraâ⬠. Haikara means fashionable in Japanese. ) His hairstyle is also a kind of Haikara. It was called ââ¬Å"Zangiriatamaâ⬠. At first, Meiji government restricted the topknot, and recommended ââ¬Å"Zangiriatamaâ⬠as an alternative idea, but it became popular, unnoticed. Next, look at figure 4, please. This is a picture of SL. It was introduced to Japan in the beginning of Meiji. At first, people thought it as a kind of ââ¬Å"Kagoâ⬠, but they were surprised at the excessive speed, when they saw the SL work. One person said, ââ¬Å"I can move so fast as if I were a swallow. â⬠As you see, culture has its own history and it is different each other. However, all of them are necessary for one country. If it were not for culture, countries could not have their originality and identity. Therefore, we must cherish our own culture. As a conclusion, I suggest that we should always be creative and affirmative to our own culture, for the attitude keeps and improves it. How to cite Difference and Similarity in Culture, Papers Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-52779953586482521322019-12-07T23:12:00.001-08:002019-12-07T23:12:04.494-08:00Significance of Veil-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp Question: Discuss about the Significance of the Veil. Answer: The topic under study is the significance of the veil where a discussion will be drawn from an anthropological perception. The essay will be based on the ground of two important question often asked in the Middle-Eastern societies. There are many misconceptions about the purpose of the veil worn by the women that will be critically analyzed followed by the opinion of the outsiders and the insiders of the culture. A critical discussion will be drawn linking the use of the veil and womens social position in the Middle Eastern societies. Various articles have been studied to form a conceptual background of the topic and carry out the discussion. Some of the important articles that are used in this context are A look behind the veil, Conflict and conformity, Core concept in Cultural and Women in the Middle East: perceptions, realities and struggles for liberation. A culture is carried out by many traits that are particularly seen in that culture. It is the means that can distinguish the culture from other such groups. Clothing is one of them that culture carries. Different cultures have different clothing patter which distinguishes them from others. As the blue jeans are known to be a trait of American culture, the veil on the other hand is worn by the Middle Eastern women. Many western writers showed curiosity about the veils and the pardahs used in the Middle Eastern societies to hide their women and keep them separated. There are many misconceptions among the westerns regarding the practice of veil in the Middle Eastern society. They believe that it is solely a sign of womens subjection to men which is not completely correct. Light will be thrown in the matter in the essay. These dress patterns are just an outward manifestation of the cultural practices and the meaning. The reason behind this practice is rooted deep into the cultural histor y of Mediterranean and Southwest Asian society. The woman wearing veil believes that it symbolizes their devotion and piety. This is a question of identity and self expression to them. Historically, veil was only worn by only the upper class women to show their status in the society. It was present long before the time of Muhammad. There is also different type of veils present in different societies. It is hijab in Arab, Niqab if the Gulf States, Chador in Iran and burqa in Afganistan. The working class women on the other hand did not wear veil as they were counted as an economic unit of the family. The historical appearance of the veil was established during Muhammad, when his wives got insulted on a number of occasions by the people coming to the mosque in search of the prophet as mistaken them with the slaves (Lavenda Schultz, 2010). There was also a concept of economic affordability, where it states that only the rich could afford the veil where as the poor could not. The extreme examples can be drawn from the Turkey sultans. Their wives used to wear veils and were protected by the by guards (Fernea, Fernea, 1979). On the other hand, a connection can be drawn in the religious aspect and the protection of women where it is believed to keep away all the evil in the world. It distinguish public sector from the private one. A veil serves more the than its protective function where it is used to conceal the identity of the person. In Arabic, veil is referred as hijab which comes from hajaba. It is an amulet used to keep away the evil eyes. The gate keeper and the doore keepers in government buildings are called hijabs. Among the multiple functions of the veil, is to protect the women from the men as the men of the society is unable to control their sexuality. Men are easily attracted, and hence are a dangerous to the social order. The women in Middle East look upon seclusion as practical protection. A practical experiment was done by Elizabeth where o ne of the researchers wore veil and noticed it to provide a great sense of protection from praying yes, dust, heat, flies and many more (Fernea, Fernea, 1979). Family also comes into consideration in this particular topic. The male and female honor is both involved in the honor of the family. Honor of the woman is considered as private matter involving only one thing that is her sexual chastity. Once lost cannot be regained. Hence, it is kept private by using this method. Masculine aspect of the use of veil cannot also be overlooked as it plays a significant role in the matter. Veil also safeguards the interest of the male of the society. It shows the power of domination over women in the society, as the use of veil came out in a patrilineal society. Various believe are highlighted in the above discussion regarding the use of veil in the Middle Eastern society. There are different parameters regarding the matter including historical, religious and other aspects that are discussed. Hence, cultural aspect of the veil signifies not only womens subjection of men, but have other significant purposes. So, it can be said that the concept that prevails among the western culture is not completely right and it has nothing to do with male domination in the society and has a broader significance in the society. The veil has become a focus of attraction in the western population in the present generation. The French government had for forbidden state school students from wearing conspicuous religious symbols which includes the veil worn by the Muslims in France. They have a law prohibiting the use of veil as it conceals the identity of the individual. Proper actions were recommended for the police on finding anyone with veil in public. The reason behind the western culture opposing the veil is due to the symbol of oppression and limitation of individuals freedom. This is due to lack of cultural exposure of the western population. Dress code for Pentagon was strict in banning Islamic bears and turbans. The schools in the western countries prohibits students from wearing veil to make sure the secularized public sphere does not have any religious interference, which led the other students to mock the girl with a hijab to mark being difference. Another core conception of western population is th e equality. Due to this notion, the veil is treated as manifestation of gender inequality as only the Muslim women have to wear it. As the American population believes they have liberated women, they consider the covered faces and bodies of veiled women as constrained. People of western world the veiled women under the authorization of their male counterpart. This conception leads to the belief that the women in veil needs to be saved (Lavenda Schultz, 2010). In contrast to this idea, the Middle Eastern population believes that the veil works as strength to the women who wear it. It declares the limitation and protects them from any outside threats. At the same time, it also states the status of the women in the society. They believe it has nothing to do with the male domination in the society. 9/11 is the devastating day for the American and the rest of the world when worlds longest towers were destructed in terrorist attack. This made the western world generalize and build a notion that hijab is the symbol of terrorist which is completely wrong. They believed that Islam is the symbol of operation and the women in veil need to be freed from them. The western and the world often confused the terrorist the Al-Quida, with the Muslim population (Fernea, Fernea, 1979; Spradley McCurdy, 2012). Another negative notion of the western population is built due to the concept of beauty in their mind. They believe that womens beauty lies in how comfortable she feels nude. The women in western world are associated with body and men are with mind. Hence, covering ones body with veil is seen from the top down approach by the western, especially American population. Enculturation had its impact on many women residing in the western countries and made them stop using the veil in public. Some of them also believe that religion has nothing to do with their veil and they are leading similar life as they used to with the veil. The recent development in the case of veil is seen among the women, especially who are residing in the western countries. Many refuse to wear the veil and enjoy similar social status (Afshar, 2016). On contrary, Islam thinks that their beauty should be concealed when outside their home. It also works as a barrier between the men and the women. The veil is also a religious symbol of Islam. The focus should also be given on the reason behind the women in veil. Though there are different perceptions at present time regarding the veil in the Middle East, some common reasons can be marked out. Some wear the veil out of obligation as it represents as good Muslim. The veil is used as litmus test to determine the piety of Muslim women in the Middle Eastern society. The level of social prestige within the Muslim community is dependable on wearing of veil. It also shows their faith in the susceptible to discrimination in secular Western society. Whoever follows the rule of veiling are often perceived as conveying a greater passion in their observation of Islamic practices (Lavenda Schultz, 2010). The use of veil is directly related with the womens social position in Middle Eastern societ y. It is an integral part and cannot be separated. The trait is present in the society before the appearance of Muhammad, but his appearance made the veil an integral part of the society and now an integral part of the Muslim culture. The people believe that, the veil fulfills the purpose of guarding the womens honor. The veil works as a symbol that puts restriction in mens behaviour as well as womens (Fernea, Fernea, 1979). It works as a signal to prevent anyone from harming them. Anyone who approaches veiled women seeks nothing but danger upon himself in Middle East. The proof of social status is seen in the history itself, where only the rich could use this practice. It is a luxury for the Muslim community what the poor families couldnt afford. This at the same time represents the status of the woman and the wealth of his male counterpart in the society. A woman with veil in Middle East is considered to belong from a family with high status and class (Spradley McCurdy, 2012). The essay is based on the argument of the use of veil in the Middle East societies and the view that is possessed by the Western societies regarding the matter. The views of both the societies are completely contradictory in the matter. The first part of the essay discuss on the cultural background of the veil in the society. Different aspects of the culture and the religious practices of the society are discussed briefly. It provides a clarification to the misconception that prevails in western society. Focus has been given on the historical background, defending the concept of male domination in the society. The second part of the essay is contributed to the comparison of the western and the Middle Eastern mindset regarding the issue. Social, cultural and political issues have been discussed. Both the perception regarding beauty, security, impact of male domination in the matter and the political issues are briefly explained. At the end of the essay, discussion has been done on the social status that of women with veil in the Middle Eastern society. The veil carries a significant role in womens status in the society. It has been observed throughout the history which is discussed in the essay References Afshar, H. (Ed.). (2016).Women in the Middle East: perceptions, realities and struggles for liberation. Springer. Fernea, E. W., Fernea, R. A. (1979). A look behind the veil.Human Nature,2(1), 68-77. Lavenda, R. H., Schultz, E. A. (2010).Core concepts in cultural anthropology. McGraw-Hill. Spradley, J. P., McCurdy, D. W. (2012).Conformity and conflict: Readings in cultural anthropology. Jill Potash. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-40218879098892763072019-11-30T10:53:00.001-08:002019-11-30T10:53:03.188-08:00Technology In America Essays - Diploma, Documents, Qualifications Technology In America How Technology Effects Modern America U.S. Wage Trends The microeconomic picture of the U.S. has changed immensely since 1973, and the trends are proving to be consistently downward for the nation's high school graduates and high school drop-outs. ?Of all the reasons given for the wage squeeze ? international competition, technology, deregulation, the decline of unions and defense cuts ? technology is probably the most critical. It has favored the educated and the skilled,? says M. B. Zuckerman, editor-in-chief of U.S. News & World Report (7/31/95). Since 1973, wages adjusted for inflation have declined by about a quarter for high school dropouts, by a sixth for high school graduates, and by about 7% for those with some college education. Only the wages of college graduates are up. Of the fastest growing technical jobs, software engineering tops the list. Carnegie Mellon University reports, ?recruitment of it's software engineering students is up this year by over 20%.? All engineering jobs are paying well, proving that highly skilled labor is what employers want! ?There is clear evidence that the supply of workers in the [unskilled labor] categories already exceeds the demand for their services,? says L. Mishel, Research Director of Welfare Reform Network. In view of these facts, I wonder if these trends are good or bad for society. ?The danger of the information age is that while in the short run it may be cheaper to replace workers with technology, in the long run it is potentially self-destructive because there will not be enough purchasing power to grow the economy,? M. B. Zuckerman. My feeling is that the trend from unskilled labor to highly technical, skilled labor is a good one! But, political action must be taken to ensure that this societal evolution is beneficial to all of us. ?Back in 1970, a high school diploma could still be a ticket to the middle income bracket, a nice car in the driveway and a house in the suburbs. Today all it gets is a clunker parked on the street, and a dingy apartment in a low rent building,? says Time Magazine (Jan 30, 1995 issue). However, in 1970, our government provided our children with a free education, allowing the vast majority of our population to earn a high school diploma. This means that anyone, regardless of family income, could be educated to a level that would allow them a comfortable place in the middle class. Even restrictions upon child labor hours kept children in school, since they are not allowed to work full time while under the age of 18. This government policy was conducive to our economic markets, and allowed our country to prosper from 1950 through 1970. Now, our own prosperity has moved us into a highly technical world, that requires highly skilled labor. The natural answer to this problem, is that the U.S. Government's education policy must keep pace with the demands of the highly technical job market. If a middle class income of 1970 required a high school diploma, and the middle class income of 1990 requires a college diploma, then it should be as easy for the children of the 90's to get a college diploma, as it was for the children of the 70's to get a high school diploma. This brings me to the issue of our country's political process, in a technologically advanced world. Voting & Poisoned Political Process in The U.S. The advance of mass communication is natural in a technologically advanced society. In our country's short history, we have seen the development of the printing press, the radio, the television, and now the Internet; all of these, able to reach millions of people. Equally natural, is the poisoning and corruption of these medias, to benefit a few. *From the 1950's until today, television has been the preferred media. Because it captures the minds of most Americans, it is the preferred method of persuasion by political figures, multinational corporate advertising, and the upper 2% of the elite, who have an interest in controlling public opinion. Newspapers and radio experienced this same history, but are now somewhat obsolete in the science of changing public opinion. Though I do not suspect television to become completely obsolete within the next 20 years, Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-76430575795622976802019-11-26T03:40:00.001-08:002019-11-26T03:40:05.506-08:00Weed Is Great Essays - Cannabis Smoking, Entheogens, Free EssaysWeed Is Great Essays - Cannabis Smoking, Entheogens, Free Essays Weed Is Great Marijuana Marijuana originated in the middle east (Taiwan, Korea). China plays an important part in Marijuana's history. Hoatho, the first chinese physician to use Cannabis for medical purposes as a painkiller and anesthetic for surgery. In the Ninth Century B.C., it was used as an incense by the Assyrians Herbal, a Chinese book of medicine from the second Century B.C., was first to describe it in print. It was used as an anesthetic 5,000 years ago in ancient china. Many (*) ancient cultures such as the persians, Greeks, East Indians, Romans, and the Assyrians for many things. These were what they used it for: the control of muscle spasms, reduction of pain, and for indegestion. Imagine that if they still practiced this, instead of taking an Alka Seltzer after you had mom's Chili or Tacos, you might be sitting in the living room on the LAY-Z Boy, smoking a joint or however they would take it. The folk medicine of Africa and Asia have used it as an herbal preparation. A mythical and legendary pharmacist and emperor Shen Nung thought using it as a seditive was all right. In 2,700 B.C. that same mythical emperor said it helped female weakness, gout, rheumatism, malaria, beri-beri (?), contipation, and absentmindedness. In 1979 (A.D.) Carlton E. Turner visited China and found marijuana was not in use in formal medical places. J. D. P. Graham of the Welsh National School of Medicine wrote, One not need take to seriously the anecdotal use of it's use for many purposes in China or by the Hindus in the pre-Christian Millennia ...and by the Arabs! In 1890 in England's Lancet said cannabis extract was good for neuralgia, fits, migraine and psychosomatic disorders but not for rheumatic conditions. It is not easy to tell the dosage because of the variations in potency and the irregularity in absorbtion. The time delay before the onset of the possible effects of marijuana lowered it's popularity as a medicine as did the introduction of a variety of new and better medicines like aspirin, morpheine (habit forming), chloral, barbituates tranquilizers, and when it got on the list of drugs thought by the world community to require legal restrictions. Our first President, George Washington, grew cannabis on his plantation. The cannabis he grew was more fibrous and is better known as hemp. Hemp was used to make rope, twine, paper and canvas (the word canvas comes from Cannabis) and was an important crop in the american colonies. In Jamestown, Virginia it was grown for it's fiber qualities in 1611. (Snyder, 1985) The U.S. Pharmacopeia had it listed as a useful medicine from the year 1870 to 1941. A Pharmacopeia is a book of directions and requirements for the preparations of medicines, generally published by an authority; a collection or stock of drugs. This tells us the U.S. Pharmacopeia was an authority on the use of drugs for medical purposes, and said that the use of marijuana for said purposes was helpful. The U.S. Pharmacopeia last listed cannabis (the dried flower tops of the pistillate plants of cannabis sativa) in 1936.(Lovinge,1985,p434) That years epitome of the pharmacopeia and the national formula described the drug for physicians thus:a narcotic poison, producing a mild delirium. Used in sedative mixtures but of doubtful value. Also employed to color corn remedies. The next pharmacopeia released in 1942 (I gather they were relaesed every six years) did not have cannabis sativa in it. The 1937 U.S. dispensatory said:Cannabis is used in medicine to relieve pain, encourage sleep, and to soothe restlessness. We have very little definite knowledge of the effects of therapeutic quantities, but in some persons it appears to produce a euphoria and will often relieve migrainic headaches. One of the great hindrances to the wider use of this drug is the great variability and the potency of different samples of Cannabis which renders it impossible to approximate the proper dose of any individual smaple except by clinical trial. Because of occasional unpleasant symptoms from unusually potent preparations, physicians have generally been overcaustious in the quantities administered. The only way of determining the dose of an individual preparation is to give it in ascending quantities until some effect is produced. (The Book suggested using a fluid extract - powdered cannabis in solution, 4/5 alcohol - three times a day, starting with two or three minims.)(Lovinge,1985,p434) Extracts, tinctures, and herbal packages of cannabis manufactured by many drug companies, was available in any pharmacy until 1941 when The two main professional directories of drugs in the United States dropped it.(Snnyder 1985,p38) It is still used as a medicine Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-58980386574435929192019-11-22T11:04:00.001-08:002019-11-22T11:04:02.817-08:00Understanding the Threats to Animals and WildlifeUnderstanding the Threats to Animals and Wildlife Living things face a constant barrage of external stresses or threats that challenge their ability to survive and reproduce. If a species is unable to successfully cope with these threats through adaptation, they may face extinction. A constantly changing physical environment requires organisms to adapt to new temperatures, climates, and atmospheric conditions. Living things must also deal with unexpected events such as volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, meteor strikes, fires, and hurricanes. As new lifeforms arise and interact, species are further challenged to adapt to one another to deal with competition, predation, parasitism, disease, and other complex biotic processes. In recent evolutionary history, threats facing many animals and other organisms have been driven primarily by the effects of a single species: humans. The extent to which humans have altered this planet has affected countless species and has initiated extinctions on such a vast scale that many scientists believe we are now experiencing a mass extinction (the sixth mass extinction in the history of life on earth). Preventable Threats Since man is indeed part of nature, man-made threats are merely a subset of natural threats. But unlike other natural threats, man-made threats are threats that we can prevent by changing our behavior. As humans, we have a unique ability to understand the consequences of our actions, both present, and past. We are capable of learning more about the effects our actions have on the world around us and how changes in those actions could help to alter future events. By examining how human activities have adversely impacted life on earth, we can take steps to reverse past damages and prevent future damage. The Types of Man-Made Threats Man-made threats can be classified into the following general categories: Habitat Destruction Fragmentation - The destruction or splitting up of once continuous habitat to enable humans to use the land for agriculture, development of towns and cities, construction of dams, or other purposes.Climate Change - Human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels, have altered the Earths atmosphere and have resulted in global climate changes.Introduction of Exotic Species - Accidental and intentional introduction of non-native species into regions never before occupied by the species have resulted in the extinction of numerous endemic species.Pollution - Pollutants (pesticides, herbicides, etc.) released into the environment are ingested by a wide variety of organisms.Over-Exploitation of Resources - Exploitation of wild populations for food has resulted in population crashes (over-fishing, for example).Hunting, Poaching, Illegal Trade of Endangered Species - Some endangered species are targeted for their value on illegal markets.Accidental Deaths - Car hits, window collisions (birds), collisions with ships (whales). Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-5903015961265743372019-11-20T22:56:00.001-08:002019-11-20T22:56:04.594-08:00Designing Networks Thesis Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7750 wordsDesigning Networks - Thesis Example Surrey University needs an infrastructure that supports all the demanded needs and also manages future trends of rising technologies. Many Universities have implemented a Campus area network for online learning. In fact, this is more feasible because it connects two or more than two networks of the educational institution, universities or corporate campus. The connectivity includes library, sections, student halls of residence (Campus Area Network. 2007) .The network devices and computing equipment have to be consistent and extendable, if the faculty staffs increases. The Surrey University has 4 sites or branches which are Harrow, Wembley, Leicestershire and Camden. The governing body has determined to implement an IP based network. The network layout of the Surrey University needs an expandable and efficient network which will fulfill the requirements of the Surrey University staff. The Surrey University will activate studies on a new innovative technology named as Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). ââ¬Å"According to a JISCââ¬â¢s Introduction to managed learning environments, the term ââ¬Ëvirtual learning environmentââ¬â¢ (VLE) refers to the components in which learners and tutors participate in online interactions of various kinds, including online learningâ⬠(, what is a VLE? at UKCLE).The presence this technology will certainly change the trends in education and research. Student will participate in a particular lecture or test from home or from a remote location. The progress of a student and test schedules will be available on the site. The inbound communication of staff for the Surrey University will be conducted by the Surrey Universityââ¬â¢s internet. The VLE will provide virtual learning features along with video and voice communication features within the Surrey University branches as well as from the IP telephony. 2 Profile The Surrey University requires a redundant computer network that adequately manages network operations, st udent management and business processes. Moreover, the university that is categorized in to two sites needs to cope up with the new technological trends, in order to avoid network security threats and vulnerabilities. 2.1 Project Scope and Objectives A brand new network structure is deployed by the Surrey University. A modern technology is utilized by this network in terms of both hardware and software. Moreover, software application execution includes the new innovative Virtual Learning application. The hardware technology deployment includes Cisco routers, switches and ââ¬Ëaccess pointsââ¬â¢. The University has 4 sites and wants to coordinate the university activities by connecting all the networks together, either with wireless or wired technologies in a protected way. The objects for this given scenario are: Research suitable hardware and software for the design of the Camden wired LAN only Wireless link between Wembley and Harrow site Design a wireless LAN for the Camden site Design a network management system 3 Wired Network In order to implement the local area network (LAN) for Camden site, an appropriate selection of computing and network devices should be selected. This implementation starts at initial level because networks are not implemented there before. 3.1 Network Topology Star topology is suggested for the wired local area networ Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-2768988238600973612019-11-19T04:12:00.001-08:002019-11-19T04:12:04.411-08:00Leadership Effectiveness Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 wordsLeadership Effectiveness Report - Essay Example If we were to look around ourselves, there are millions of examples that make an attempt at essaying the characteristics that make an ordinary person a leader - a hero for a lifetime. Whether it is in our movies, art or literature - there have been constant portrayals of leaders and their qualities. Such qualities are singled out as the most effective when it comes to possessing a commanding personality, understanding and harnessing the dynamics of human behaviour and finally, as well as performing under high pressure and trying situations. These leaders have been inspiration for the masses and their leadership skills have entire theories dedicated to the same. In this context, it is extremely important to understand that no leader is perfect and that his or her result orientations will not always reap the accurate benefits owing to unforeseen circumstances or even certain personal flaws. This has a strong implication in the realistic analysis of the leader and his or her leadership skills. On this basis, we will carry out a study of optimum effectiveness in a particular leader in a typically corporate setting. The person in question is Chief Executive's CEO of the year for the year 2006 - A.G Lafley of Procter and Gamble. This choice has facilitated analysis on the basis of a competing values framework where we will study the situational leadership theory and the five models that form its elements. Also, we will start by emphasizing on the election issues that face the criteria managers when working on such a framework. In doing so, we will set a context for discussion of Lafley's traits and effectiveness of the same as core leadership values where Procter and Gamble's basic policies are concerned. Competing Values Framework As a company that took off on the strength demonstrated by a candle maker named William Procter and a soap maker called James Gamble in 1837, Procter and Gamble was a company that started out by producing soaps and candles, only to deviate and set up factories producing a plethora of products like radio programs, fabric softeners and the very popular Pampers for babies, among many others. Caught in the midst of various battles revolving around issues like animal testing, downsizing, logo controversy and toxic shock syndrome and tampons, this company was at the receiving end of several critical lawsuits. In 2005, it suffered $12 million due to these reasons. Most were of the view that Procter and Gamble was over - a dysfunctional company. Most but one - A G Lafey as the CEO of the company delivered it back to its original splendor and how. (www.pg.com) This shows a nuance of putting the right man in the right job - in other words, a foolproof selection process. A.G Lafey is a man who has defied the barriers that come in the way of an effective election process. In distributed systems, leader election is a dynamic concept that can cause various interrelated processes to participate and crash at the same time. In this context, the usual point to point communication is replaced by buffered broadcasting to replicate effective process communication. To study Lafey's contribution and his effectiveness more critically, I will resort to a leader election protocol design's blueprint that is set in a dynamic context so as to study his effectiveness as a leader in terms of the Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-14545760631591560062019-11-16T16:44:00.001-08:002019-11-16T16:44:06.971-08:00The Role Of Alfieri in A View From A Bridge Essay Example for Free The Role Of Alfieri in A View From A Bridge Essay This essay that I have written about is from the book A View from the Bridge. And I am going to discuss how Arthur Miller (the Author of this play) has achieved such dramatic impact by using Alfieri. In this play Alfieris role is very important. He tells us more about the characters like a narrator; he sets the scene and the environment. He is an engaged narrator, helping the audience in every way to understand the story. Arthur miller has used the characteristics in Alfieri to divide the play in different ways. The character helps us to understand the background information, which we might have missed. Alfieris role is to unfold the play to the audience. He makes the audience get involved and plays with their emotions and helps them understand the story. The audience, including me, believe Alfieri because he is a lawyer and knows the most. He creates tension and emotion for the audience and the characters. I think he has so much pressure from being told the background information about the characters. I think he is drowned in stress and needs to talk to someone. I think thats why he talks to the audience. Alfieri also gives the feeling that he is retelling the story, because he mostly speaks in the past tense. The community in this play respect Alfieri because he is a lawyer and helps the rest of the characters out. Alfieris role is like a chorus, always reminding its tragedy. He creates suspense in the audience and gets them hooked to the play. The author must have thought very hard about this. The author makes the play feel like its a cliffhanger and makes them addicted to the play and makes them want to watch more. When Rodolpho wins Catherine, Eddie feels left out and jealous. He feels betrayed by Catherine and that she has ran off and lives her own life. This could also be the reason for his fear of Catherine growing up, and that she is not a little baby anymore. Eddie thinks Rodolpho is gay because he has blond hair and does cooking and sewing. Eddie feels justice must be served. Eddie goes to Alfieri (the lawyer) and tells him about Rodolpho. Alfieri is an educated lawyer, this contrast with the characters like Eddie. Alfieris language is very high standards. His role is to be an expert adviser and represents the American law. He is Eddies advisor. Sometimes he uses imagery to describe something. He uses similes and metaphors. He is giving the audience a clearer view and to convey to the audience that this story will end tragically. He keeps the audience thinking and helps them concentrate towards the play. He also uses imagery to tell the audience about his characters. For example: He walked in the room, and his eyes were like tunnels. This is a simile, this could mean Eddie was thinking deeply and like he committed a crime or he had some passion or he was stressed, obsessed or he had a deep desire or he was not aware of whats going on. In most of Alfieris scenes he develops tension, action, he also helps us like a guide. He moves the scene on to the next one. In the first scene in Alfieris office is where the main message of the play comes to light. That is love, morality, law come to life. The way the Arthur Miller done this is very clever. At the start of each scene Alfieri introduces who is in the scene and the setting, plus he creates the time and atmosphere. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4033928259955137589.post-78635730442226575872019-11-14T05:16:00.001-08:002019-11-14T05:16:03.003-08:00The Civil War of Rome :: Ancient Rome Roman HistoryThe Civil War of Rome The Civil War in the eyes of most people is not glorious, but rather one of the worst crimes you could possibly commit when the state is all-important. Only under the most extreme circumstances should one be allowed to (in the eyes of the people that is) begin a Civil War with just cause. Caesar took this into consideration, but too many things were going wrong in Rome for him not to begin the war. The first of many problems was the collapse of the Triumvirate. The Triumvirate was one of the main parts of the government of Rome, with which there were three leaders, which at the time were Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus. This was never truly working all that great, but held itself together by the marriage of Caesar's daughter Julia, to Pompey, and the friendship Caesar and Crassus shared. But, all this came to an end when Crassus was killed in a battle against a Parthian army. Then, not too long afterwards, Julia was murdered by someone who had broken into her home. This, destroyed the bond between Caesar and Pompey, and made them drift apart. Caesar seeing all this taking place, attempted to restore the bond by proposing to Pompey's only daughter, but was not allowed to by Pompey. To only make matters worse, Rome was slowly slipping into total anarchy. The government was becoming corrupt with bribery. The elections were being stopped, and there wasn't a consul elected in 53 or 52 B.C. Most authority was lost, the streets became rioted, and unsafe. During this time, Pompey tried to annul the Law of Ten Tribunes without notifying Caesar. If this happen, it would of removed a lot of Caesar's power. Caesar saw what he was trying to do, and stopped it before this action took place, and now knew for sure that Pompey was no longer his ally, but instead an enemy. Pompey tried another devious act against Caesar, which this time worked. He had the senate pass a law that made Pompey and Caesar both give up troops, and send them to the East, where they were supposedly needed against the Parthians. This seemed fair, but it made Caesar lose two legions, one that was lent to him by Pompey in the Gallic Wars, and one of his own. Once they were positioned there, Pompey decided they were no longer needed, and sent them to Capua (a city in Rome) under his command. Orlando Mclainhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02066244798579945702noreply@blogger.com0